专注通风管道加工·排烟罩

为了减少厨房油烟的污染，我们在装修时都会安装油烟机，把油烟通过风道排出去，但是有时反倒没把油烟排出去反倒让油烟倒灌进来，这是什么原因呢？

In order to reduce the pollution of kitchen fumes, we often install range hoods during decoration to exhaust the fumes through air ducts. However, sometimes the fumes are not discharged but instead poured in. What is the reason for this?

消防排烟管道厨房油烟倒灌的原因：吸油烟机上的止逆阀和烟道加装的下垂式油烟止逆阀大都采用吸油烟机风力开启、阀片重力关闭的结构，小部分在阀片上加装弹簧以助阀门关闭。为了保证吸油烟机风力可以吹开止逆阀片，阀片重量或弹簧力不能过大，所以阀门关闭力较小。因为阀片易受油垢粘连，粘连后止逆阀开、关均不到位，开不到位的后果是排风不畅，风量衰减;关不到位的后果是发生大量的油烟倒灌。

The reason for the kitchen oil fume backflow in the fire exhaust duct: The check valve on the range hood and the hanging oil fume check valve installed in the flue mostly adopt a structure of wind opening and gravity closing of the range hood, and a small part adds springs on the valve to help the valve close. In order to ensure that the wind power of the range hood can blow open the check valve plate, the weight of the valve plate or the spring force cannot be too large, so the closing force of the valve is relatively small. Because the valve plate is prone to oil scale adhesion, the check valve cannot be opened or closed properly after adhesion, and the consequences of not opening properly are poor ventilation and reduced air volume; The consequence of not closing it properly is the occurrence of a large amount of oil fume backflow.

1、绝大部分吸油烟机的止逆阀为减少阀片和阀体的接触面积，在阀片和阀体之间开有一条环缝，目的是防止吸油烟机停用数日后油垢粘连阀片，以风力无法吹开。如环缝过大，当邻居开启吸油烟机(排污)时，共用烟道内局部压力增高，污气就近从这条环缝倒灌，老式烟道的油烟倒灌往往由此引起。

1. The vast majority of range hood check valves have a ring gap between the valve plate and valve body to reduce the contact area between the valve plate and valve body. The purpose is to prevent oil stains from sticking to the valve plate after the range hood is out of service for several days, so that the wind cannot blow it open. If the annular gap is too large, when the neighbor opens the range hood (for sewage discharge), the local pressure in the shared flue increases, and the dirty gas flows back from this annular gap nearby. This often causes the backflow of oil smoke in the old-fashioned flue.

2、新建楼盘采用主、副式共用烟道，主烟道排风量升高到一定程度时和吸油烟机连接的副烟道会产生负压防止油烟倒灌。但是排风量过高会产生较大的负压，过大的负压会吸开止逆阀阀片，吸开后的阀片受油垢粘连不能有效关闭，当主烟道压力减小时副烟道负压消失发生油烟倒灌。因为烟道中的总排风量大小取决于同时开启烟机数量及各烟机的排风量，这是单家独户无法控制的，总排风量大时止逆阀吸开的机率就大，这也是油烟倒灌时有时无的原因。因住户大都喜欢使用大风量烟机，所以大部分的油烟倒灌均由此引起。

2. The newly built building adopts a shared main and auxiliary flue. When the exhaust volume of the main flue increases to a certain extent, the auxiliary flue connected to the range hood will generate negative pressure to prevent oil fume from flowing back. However, excessive exhaust air volume will generate significant negative pressure, which will open the check valve plate. The opened valve plate cannot be effectively closed due to oil scale adhesion. When the pressure in the main flue decreases, the negative pressure in the auxiliary flue disappears, resulting in oil fume backflow. Because the total exhaust volume in the flue depends on the number of simultaneously opened range hoods and the exhaust volume of each range hood, which cannot be controlled by a single household. When the total exhaust volume is high, the probability of the check valve opening is higher, which is also the reason why there is sometimes no oil fume backflow. Due to the fact that most residents prefer to use high air volume range hoods, most of the oil fume backflow is caused by this.

3、当楼上油烟机排烟压力和风量较大时会产生风幕作用，隔绝楼下油烟在烟道内顺畅流通。使得楼下烟道内局部压力增高，压力增高后推动烟道中的污气从密封效果不好的止逆阀处泄漏，这是楼上烧菜楼下倒灌的原因，随着使用大风量烟机的住户增多，由此引起的油烟倒灌正在增加。

3. When the smoke exhaust pressure and air volume of the range hood upstairs are high, it will produce an air curtain effect to isolate the smooth flow of the range hood downstairs in the flue. This causes an increase in local pressure inside the downstairs flue, which in turn pushes the dirty gas in the flue to leak from the poorly sealed check valve. This is the reason for the backflow of cooking vegetables upstairs and downstairs. With the increasing number of residents using high air volume range hoods, the resulting backflow of oil fumes is increasing.

出现油烟倒灌的处理、油烟倒灌的情况主要出现在使用公共烟道的高层建筑中，开发商在这方面也采取了很多措施，现在烟道内基本都分为主烟道和副烟道，主要功能就是引导油烟向上排出，减少串味的情况。家中若出现油烟倒灌，应该检查烟道是否通畅。装修时的建筑垃圾有可能堵塞烟道，可联系物业清理。

The treatment of oil fume backflow and the situation of oil fume backflow mainly occur in high-rise buildings that use public flues. Developers have also taken many measures in this regard. Nowadays, the flues are basically divided into main and secondary flues, with the main function of guiding oil fume upward and reducing cross odors. If there is oil fume backflow at home, the first thing to check is whether the flue is unobstructed. The construction waste during decoration may block the flue, so please contact the property management for cleaning.

4、有些人在装修房子时为了干净好看，都会将油烟机的排气孔开在吊顶上面，而开发商预留的烟道孔一般比较靠下。为了能装在吊顶上面，一般的做法是封死原有的烟道孔，在上方重新开一个。这种情况下，开发商原本给烟道配备的止回阀在施工中会被砸掉，施工人员将烟道口上移，使副烟道失去阻隔作用，并将油烟机的排气管放到公共烟道中，直对主烟道，这种情况必然会出现油烟倒灌、串味。

4. Some people, in order to clean and look good when decorating their houses, will open the exhaust hole of the range hood on the ceiling, while the flue hole reserved by the developer is generally lower. In order to be installed on the ceiling, the general practice is to seal the original flue hole and open a new one above it. In this case, the check valve originally equipped by the developer for the flue will be smashed during construction. The construction personnel will move the flue mouth upwards, causing the secondary flue to lose its barrier function, and place the exhaust pipe of the range hood in the public flue, directly facing the main flue. This situation will inevitably result in the backflow and odor of the range hood.

5、城市化进程造成高层化住房越来越多。每当烹饪高峰时段，楼上楼下各家各户同时启动烟机，集中排烟造成公共烟道拥堵不堪。面对压力重重的恶劣烟道即使烟机开到大风量，油烟依然难以冲破烟道阻力，排不净、油烟倒灌等问题就无法避免。

5. The urbanization process has led to an increasing number of high-rise housing in China. During peak cooking hours, households upstairs and downstairs simultaneously start their smoke exhaust fans, causing congestion in the public flue. Faced with severe pressure in the flue, even when the range hood is turned on with high air volume, it is still difficult for the oil fume to break through the resistance of the flue, and problems such as incomplete discharge and backflow of oil fume cannot be avoided.

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This article provides assistance from Shandong ventilation duct processing. For more related content, please click: http://www.jnqsg.com I hope this article can be helpful to you. Thank you for reading!

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