就目前而言，厨房排烟管道的材质以不锈钢板和镀锌钢板较为常见。其中镀锌钢板是通过在钢板表面涂上一层金属锌，来达到防锈的目的的。由于金属锌比铁的化学性质更活泼，因此锌往往会先于铁发生氧化，从而保护了铁层不被损坏。而不锈钢是用铬对钢进行合金化处理，在其表面形成的一层极薄而又坚固细密的稳定的富铬氧化膜。这种紧密粘附的富铬氧化物保护表面，可以有效防止氧原子继续渗入、氧化，从而获得抗锈蚀能力。应该说，两者都具有不错的防锈能力。
At present, stainless steel plate and galvanized steel plate are common materials for kitchen smoke exhaust pipes. Galvanized steel plate is achieved by coating a layer of metal zinc on the surface of the steel plate to prevent rust. Due to the more active chemical properties of metallic zinc compared to iron, zinc often oxidizes before iron, thus protecting the iron layer from damage. Stainless steel, on the other hand, is an alloy treated steel with chromium, forming an extremely thin, sturdy, and dense stable chromium rich oxide film on its surface. This tightly adhered chromium rich oxide protects the surface, effectively preventing oxygen atoms from continuing to penetrate and oxidize, thereby obtaining rust resistance. It should be said that both have good rust resistance.
然而相比之下，大家选用不锈钢板的材料，那么这是为什么呢？这就要从油烟的组成说起了。油烟的组成非常复杂，而且与燃料的类型、食用油的种类、食材成分、烹饪时间、烹饪温度、烹饪方式等多个因素有关。
However, in contrast, Qingfeng Xia recommends choosing stainless steel plate materials, so why is this? This starts with the composition of oil fumes. The composition of lampblack is very complex and is related to multiple factors such as the type of fuel, the type of edible oil, ingredients, cooking time, cooking temperature, and cooking method.
据了解，不同种类的食用油在高温下的热解产物多达 200 多种，其中主要有碳氢化合物、醛类、酮类、醇类、烃类、脂肪酸、芳香族化合物以及杂环化合物等。这里面的部分产物会与水相结合形成亚硝酸、硝酸、碳酸等具备腐蚀性的物质，它们在经过排烟管道的时候势必会对管道造成侵蚀。因此排烟管道的材质除了防锈以外，还应该具备一定的耐弱酸能力。
It is understood that there are over 200 pyrolysis products of different types of edible oils at high temperatures, mainly including hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, hydrocarbons, fatty acids, aromatic compounds, and heterocyclic compounds. Some of the products inside will combine with water to form corrosive substances such as nitrite, nitric acid, and carbonic acid, which are bound to cause corrosion to the smoke exhaust pipeline when passing through it. Therefore, in addition to rust prevention, the material of smoke exhaust pipes should also have a certain degree of weak acid resistance.
而不锈钢在这方面要比镀锌钢板要强上一些。我们以304通用型号不锈钢，即18/8不锈钢为例，其标准成分是18%的铬加8%的镍。据悉，这类型号钢在空气中的年腐蚀率一般小于0.01mm，即便是在厨房油烟量大的环境下，其年腐蚀率往往也小于0.02mm，其耐腐蚀能力可见一斑。另外，不锈钢板还具备比较良好的保温、耐热性能。
And stainless steel is stronger in this regard than galvanized steel plate. We take the 304 universal model stainless steel, which is 18/8 stainless steel, as an example. Its standard composition is 18% chromium and 8% nickel. It is reported that the annual corrosion rate of this type of steel in the air is generally less than 0.01mm. Even in environments with high kitchen fumes, its annual corrosion rate is often less than 0.02mm, indicating its corrosion resistance. In addition, stainless steel plates also have good insulation and heat resistance properties.
现在，知道厨房排烟管道应该选用什么样的材质了吧？总的来说，不论是镀锌钢板还是不锈钢板都能够胜任此工作，不过两者在和性能特点上还是有一定差别的，若是想要成本低，可以选择镀锌钢板的，若是想要材质好则更选购不锈钢板的。
Now, do you know what material should be used for the kitchen exhaust duct? Overall, both galvanized steel plate and stainless steel plate are capable of this job, but there are still some differences in price and performance characteristics between the two. If you want low cost, you can choose galvanized steel plate. If you want good material, you are more recommended to choose stainless steel plate.
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